BLADE STEELS
1) AUS-8 (also referred to as 8A) (some text courtesy
of Boker Knife Company) - Commonly found in a Kitchen Knife
Set, the words "stainless steel" are misleading, because, in
fact all steel will stain or show discoloration if left in
adverse conditions for a sufficient time. Steel is made
"stainless" by adding Chromium and reducing its Carbon
content during the smelting process. Some authorities claim
that there is a serious performance trade off with stainless
steel: As the Chrome increases and the Carbon decreases, the
steel becomes more "stainless". But it also becomes more and
more difficult to sharpen and, some claim, the edge-holding
potential is seriously impaired. We have found that most
stainless steel blades are as sharp as other material blades
and hold the edge longer. AUS 8A is a high carbon, low
chromium stainless steel that has proven, over time, to be a
very good compromise between toughness, strength, edge
holding and resistance to corrosion.
2) ATS-34 - premium grade of
stainless steel used by most custom knife makers and upper
echelon factory knives. Also common with the making of
quality tactical folding knives or production collectible
pocket knives. It is Japanese steel, owned by Hitachi
Steels. The American made equivalent of ATS-34 is 154CM, a
steel popularized by renowned maker Bob Loveless. Boker
pocket knives are usually made of ATS-34.
3) GIN-1 (formerly known as G2) -
another low cost steel, but slightly softer than AUS-8.
4) CPM-T440V - currently touted as
the "super steel", it outlasts all stainless steels on the
market today. It is, however, harder to resharpen (due to
its unprecedented edge retention). But the tradeoff is that
you do not have to sharpen as frequently. CPM-T440V is
widely used by custom knife makers and is slowly finding its
way into high-end or gentlemen's folding knives.
5) SAN MAI III - (text courtesy of
Boker Knife Company) An expensive, traditional style
Japanese laminate. Hard, high carbon stainless forms the
core and edge of the blade, while two layers of tough,
spring tempered stainless support and strengthen it. The
resulting blade possesses the best qualities of both types
of steel. This laminate is 25% stronger than the incredibly
tough AUS 8A stainless . The telltale sign of genuine San
Mai III is a thin line near the edge that runs the entire
length of the blade. This line is created in the grinding
process as the layers of steel in the blade are exposed. The
distance the line is from the edge varies from knife to
knife because every piece of San Mai III steel is unique.
Like AUS 8A stainless, San Mai III is treated in modern,
precise conveyor furnaces and subjected to a sub zero post
hardening process. This improves the microstructure of the
steel by eliminating retained austenite. The resulting
blades are more elastic and have better edge holding
characteristics than standard stainless steels.
6) 420J2 - (text courtesy of Boker
Knife Company) Due to its low carbon high chromium content
this steel is an excellent choice for making tough (bends
instead of breaking), shock absorbing knife blades with
excel lent resistance to corrosion and moderate edge holding
ability. It is an ideal candidate for knife blades that will
be subject to a wide variety of environmental conditions
including high temperature, humidity, and airborne
corrosives such as salt in a marine environment. This
extreme resistance to corrosion via its high chrome content
also makes it a perfect choice for knife blades which are
carried close to the body or in a pocket and blades which
will receive little or no care or maintenance.
Carbon V (From Cold Steel) - An
exclusive carbon alloy steel, formulated and extensively
treated to achieve exceptional properties. Carbon V was
developed and refined by using both metallurgical and
performance testing. Blades were subjected to the "Cold
Steel Challenge" as a practical test, and then they were
sectioned, so that their microstructure could be examined.
In this way we arrived at the optimum steel AND the optimum
heat treatment sequence to bring out the best in the steel.
Cold Steel buys large quantities of premium high carbon
cutlery steel with small amounts of elemental alloys added
in the smelting stage. These elements enhance the blade's
performance in edge holding and elasticity. The steel is
then rolled to their exact specifications to establish
optimum grain refinement and blades are blanked to take full
advantage of the grain direction in the steel.
The blanks are heated in molten salt,
quenched in premium oil and tempered in controlled ovens.
Then they are ground. The new blades are then subjected to
expert heat treatment, involving rigidly controlled
austenizing temperatures, precisely defined soak times,
proper selection of quenching medium and carefully monitored
tempering times and temperatures. This heat treatment
sequence results in blades which duplicate and often exceed
the properties of the most expensive custom forgings.
Premium U.S. High Carbon (from Cold Steel)-
Cold Steel's Premium Carbon Steel is used in a variety of
our low cost highly functional knives. Chemical content and
microstructure from the mill is specified by Cold Steel and
each lot is subjected to the same metallurgical examination
before being used in production as our world famous Carbon
V. The Steel is a very clean,fine grained material with a
high carbon content for toughness and response to heat
treatment. Cold Steel has designed a special heat treatment
for this material which maximizes toughness in combination
with more than acceptable edge holding ability, resulting in
a blade which will satisfy even the most discriminating
user.
S30V - Revolutionary S30V steel
blades are harder, more wear resistant and far less brittle
than any standard 440C series stainless steel blade. Tests
also show 45% better edge retention than 440C stainless.
Titanium - Unlike stainless steel
knives, titanium knives are almost completely rustproof and
corrosion resistant because they contain no carbon. The
result is a knife that will hold an edge for a very long
time. Titanium steel knives require almost no sharpening or
maintenance